• It is difficult to determine who is responsible for making decisions, creating a feeling of powerlessness amongst employees.
• There is diffusion of responsibility and subsequent refusal to make a decision. e.g To get something done you need 6 different approvals from 6 individuals and each refusing to give approval until the other 5 have given theirs.
• Organizational structure is too inflexible to effect necessary changes efficiently.
• It is too difficult to determine specific individual contribution to successful outcome.
• The top bottom hierarchy does not utilize specialized lower level to make decisions in their field of specialty.
• Overspecialization, makes individuals not aware of larger consequences of their actions.
• Not allowing people to use common sense, as everything must be as is written by the law.
• There is rigidity making decision-making slow or even impossible when facing some unusual case, and similarly delaying change and evolution.
• Insensitivity to consider larger organizational issues.

Listen to the video above and study the readings given on this page. Focusing on a named institution, explain some of the shortcomings resulting from bureaucratic leadership.

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